RELATED TERMS IN NEWS
( UPSC Prelims)
News Context
Bacteria Ideonella sakaiensis
Bacteria capable of consuming plastic have been discovered, which can break down PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), a material commonly found in bottles and food packaging.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Beverage bottles and food containers frequently utilize this material, which is also one of the most prevalent polymers found in plant tissues.
Polystyrene (PS)
Disposable cutlery, cups, and other similar items often utilize this material, which is also one of the most prevalent polymers found in plant tissues.
Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT)
• Biodegradable, chemical-free thermoplastic copolymer produced from renewable resources such as corn starch and sugarcane.
o Thermoplastics are polymers that can be softened by heating, allowing them to be shaped, and then cooled to harden.
Pthalates
Ortho-phthalates, commonly known as phthalates, are chemicals incorporated into plastic products, particularly in a specific type of plastic called polyvinyl chloride, to enhance the material's softness and reduce its brittleness. These substances are colorless, odorless, oily liquids and are often referred to as plasticizers. They do not form a permanent bond with the plastic surfaces they are applied to. In terms of toxicity, phthalates are classified as hazardous endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which can negatively impact reproductive health. Their applications include use in pharmaceuticals, medical devices (such as medical tubing), and food packaging.