Dumpsite Remediation Accelerator Programme (DRAP) ( UPSC Prelims)

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News Context

The initiative was introduced as part of the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U) 2.0.
      ○ It represents a year-long, focused effort under SBM-U 2.0 to meet the objectives of Lakshya Zero Dumpsites by September 2026.
    ● SBM-U 2.0 was initiated in 2021 with the goal of achieving Garbage Free Status for all cities. It also focuses on the remediation of all legacy dumpsites and transforming them into green zones.  
  ● Objective: Emphasize high-impact areas, addressing approximately 8.8 crore MT of legacy waste (aged municipal solid waste in landfills or dumpsites, a mix of partially or completely decomposed biodegradable waste, plastic waste, etc.).  
  ● Ministry: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA).  
  ● Eligibility: All States/UTs with ongoing legacy waste projects, prioritizing sites with over 45,000 MT of legacy wastes.  
        ○ No minimum threshold for eligibility for UTs and North Eastern States.
 Dumpsites Management in India
      ○ Major emissions of primary concern: Leachate; Landfill Gas (a mixture of carbon dioxide and methane formed due to anaerobic conditions).
  ● Key Technologies:  
    ● Biocapping: Transforming a dumpsite from a wasteland into a natural environment like a park.  
    ● Biomining: Utilizes microorganisms to extract materials of economic interest.