Geology IFS Paper 2 UPSC 2016 with Solutions

Geology Optional Paper 2 UPSC 2016 - Question Paper with Solutions 

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SECTION-A

Geology 1a Write symmetry elements shown by normal class in isometric system and that of orthorhombic system. Briefly write on the international system of crystallographic notation. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 1b Using crystallization behaviour of basic magma with the help of albite- anorthite system, explain normal and oscillatory zoning in plagioclase. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 1c Write brief notes on cross-beddings and their significance. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 1d Write notes on possible mineralogical changes observed during regional metamorphism of aluminous shale. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 2a Write a brief note on textures and structures of metamorphic rocks. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 2b How can 'hornblende' and 'augite' be distinguished based on their optical properties? Write the names of any three sulphide minerals and two carbonate minerals (with their chemical compositions). (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 2c What is sedimentary facies? Narrate the important facies types that form in different parts of deltaic sedimentary environment. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 2d Write briefly on the origin of alkaline rocks. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 3a Write a brief note on prograde metamorphism of basaltic rocks. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 3b Give the classification scheme of limestone by Folk. Comment on the advantage and disadvantage of this classification. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 3c Write notes on porphyritic and poikilitic texture of igneous rocks (with suitable labelled sketches). Comment on their petrogenetic significance. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 3d Discuss how X-ray diffraction patterns are used for identification of minerals. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 4a Write a brief essay on diagenesis and lithification. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 4b Describe (with neat sketches) the following structures of igneous rocks: (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 4b i Pillow structure

Geology 4b ii Rapakivi structure

Geology 4c What do you mean by extinction angles of minerals? Give your answer with suitable sketches. What are the petrographic changes that take place when a basaltic magma assimilates a granite country rock? (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 4d Write briefly on 'granulite terrains' of India. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

SECTION-B

5. Write on the following:

Geology 5a ACF diagram. (IFS 2016/8 Marks)

Geology 5b Charnockite. (IFS 2016/8 Marks)

Geology 5c Beach placer deposit of India. (IFS 2016/8 Marks)

Geology 5d Marine pollution. (IFS 2016/8 Marks)

Geology 5e Cosmic abundance of elements. (IFS 2016/8 Marks)

Geology 6a How will you do ore-reserve estimation? (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 6b Write a note on Malanjkhand copper deposit. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 6c Write on marine mineral resources. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 6d In a sketch map of India, show the distribution of petroliferous basins of India with proper labelling. Add a brief note on each of such basins. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 7a Briefly describe the iron ore deposits of Singhbhum region. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 7b Write short notes on common ore textures and structures. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 7c Discuss the environmental impacts of urbanization. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 7d What are the various causes responsible for landslides? What are the suggested measures to mitigate effects of landslides? (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 8a Write in detail on different methods of geophysical prospecting. Illustrate your answer with suitable sketches. (IFS 2016/20 Marks)

Geology 8b Discuss briefly on various types of chemical bonds that are found in minerals. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)

Geology 8c Briefly discuss on the environmental impact caused due to dumping of mine waste and fly ash. (IFS 2016/10 Marks)