Geology IFS Paper 2 UPSC 2018 with Solutions

Geology Optional Paper 2 UPSC 2018 - Question Paper with Solutions 

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SECTION A

Geology 1a Classify the various 'silicate structures' with neat diagrams. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 1b Explain 'Gibbs Phase Rule' and its applications in geothermobarometry. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 1c Differentiate between the textures and mineral assemblages developed during regional metamorphism of pelitic sedimentary rock to amphibolite and granulite facies. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 1d Compare the texture and mode of emplacement of gabbro, dolerite, basalt and komatiite. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 1e Describe the changes that take place during transformation of sediments to sedimentary rocks. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 2a What are primary sedimentary structures? Write a note on the significance of ripple marks in terms of sedimentary environment. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 2b Explain the concept of metamorphic facies with suitable diagram and write a note on metamorphic facies related to contact metamorphism. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 2c What is eutectic crystallization? Show the behaviour of eutectic crystallization in the binary system, giving appropriate example. (IFS 2018/10 Marks)

Geology 3a What are biaxial interference figures? Explain how interference figures are obtained under conoscopic condition and add a note on types of biaxial interference figures. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 3b Write an elaborate note with neat diagram on mineralogical composition and texture of common mafic and felsic igneous rocks. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 3c Elaborate the classification scheme and petrographic characteristics of sandstone. (IFS 2018/10 Marks)

Geology 4a Explain the symmetry configuration of 'Normal Class' of 'Orthorhombic System' and discuss the characteristic forms. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 4b How are amphibole and pyroxene distinguished based on crystal structures and optical properties? (IFS 2018/10 Marks)

Geology 4c Write mineral composition and texture of the following rocks-charnockite, phosphorite and limestone. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

SECTION B

Geology 5a How are early and late magmatic ore deposits distinguished? Give your answer with suitable examples. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 5b What are the salient features of 'National Mineral Policy'? Discuss with special emphasis on 'Strategic Minerals'. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 5c Write briefly about classification and geochemical distribution of the elements in the Earth's crust. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 5d Write about the source, speciation and fixation of 'Arsenic Contamination' in groundwater, with special emphasis to the Indian context. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 5e Assuming the specific gravity of 4.1 and average grade of 54.1% Fe, calculate the total tonnage of iron ore and metallic iron content in a 10 m thick and 50 m wide iron ore body with a strike length of 500 m. (IFS 2018/8 Marks)

Geology 6a What is coalification process and how is it related to different ranks of coal? (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 6b What are the different methods of sampling practised during mineral exploration and mining? Give reasons for choice of sampling method followed in different types of ore deposits. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 6c What is acid mine drainage? Briefly explain its environmental consequences and controlling measures. (IFS 2018/10 Marks)

Geology 7a Elaborate the process of origin, migration and trapping conditions for hydrocarbon. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 7b Write the salient points of interpretation of electrical resistivity data and discuss suitability of the electrical resistivity method for groundwater exploration. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 7c Give a brief account of mineral resources in Exclusive Economic Zone' (EEZ) of India. (IFS 2018/10 Marks)

Geology 8a Write a note on geographical distribution, mineralogy, mode of occurrence and origin of lead-zinc (PbZn) ore deposits in India. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 8b Write a note on methods of radioactive waste disposal with special reference to geological parameters. (IFS 2018/15 Marks)

Geology 8c Distinguish between 'Chondrite' and 'Achondrite' and describe the 'Carbonaceous Chondrite'. (IFS 2018/10 Marks)