1. Correct Answer: Option A: Ali Mardan Khan introduced the system of revenue farming in Bengal. 2. Explain the logic: ● Option A: Ali Mardan Khan was a Mughal noble, but he did not introduce the system of revenue farming in Bengal. This system was introduced by the British during their rule.
● Option B: Maharaja Ranjit Singh indeed set up modern foundries to manufacture cannons at Lahore, contributing to the military strength of the Sikh Empire.
● Option C: Sawai Jai Singh of Amber was a patron of sciences and had EuclidтАЩs тАШElements of GeometryтАЩ translated into Sanskrit, reflecting his interest in mathematics and astronomy.
● Option D: Sultan Tipu of Mysore is known for his patronage of various religious institutions, including giving money for the construction of the idol of Goddess Sarda in the Shringeri temple.
тЧПIn the declining days of Mughal Empire, the control over the
revenue officials became weak. The flow of income started declining.
тЧПDuring the reign of Farukhsiyer (1713-19) system called
тАШrevenue farmingтАЩ was introduced by Murshid Quli Khan in Bengal. Option a is incorrect.
тЧПUnder this system, the revenue farmer paid the Government
nine-tenth of the whole collection and kept the rest as his collection charges.
тЧПHowever, in the later period, the right of collecting land
revenue for a pargana or a district was sold by public auction to the highest
bidders. Due to this, the exploitation of the cultivators started.
тЧПMaharaja Ranjit Singh
In 1783 established a crafts colony of Thatheras near Amritsar and encouraged
skilled metal crafters from Kashmir to settle in Jandiala Guru. In the year
2014, this traditional craft of making brass and copper products got enlisted
on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.